Sajt english4you piše da je jedna od najčešćih omašaka to što prevodimo direktno s maternjeg na jezik koji učimo.
FOR / IN
“Vidimo se za 10 minuta!”
POGREŠNO – See you for 10 minutes!
ISPRAVNO – See you in 10 minutes!
Pojmovi “za 10 minuta, za 2 nedelje, za 5 godina” ne prevode se bukvalno. Ovi pojmovi se prevode tako što koristimo “in” umjesto “za”.
Na primjer: I'll have to go home in 2 hours.
I'm going to London in 3 days.
She'll be here in 1 hour.
BEFORE / AGO
“Popio sam kafu prije 20 minuta.”
POGREŠNO – I drank coffee before 20 minutes.
ISPRAVNO – I drank coffee 20 minutes ago.
Ne možete doslovno prevesti “prije 5 dana, prije godinu dana, itd”. Umjesto “before……….”, recite “……….. ago’.
Na primjer: I met you 2 months ago.
I moved here 5 years ago.
The show started 15 minutes ago.
IN/TO
“Idem u Beograd.”
POGREŠNO – I'm going in Beograd.
ISPRAVNO – I'm going to Belgrade.
Opet je problem bukvlani prevod. Izbjegavajte koristiti prevod srpskih predloga “ići u, ići na”, nakon riječi “go”. Na engleskom će uvijek biti “go to”, bez obzira na to šta je na srpskom jeziku. Tako da kad mislite reći “Idem na Siciliju”, isto će biti na engleskom “I'm going to Sicily”. “Idem u prodavnicu” će biti “I'm going to the shop”. Ovo važi i za prošlo vrijeme – “I went to Belgrade, I went to Sicily”.
Na primjer: My sister goes to university in Sydney.
I went to Malta last year.
We go to the cinema every Saturday.
ON /AT
Ponedjeljak je na početku nedjelje.
POGREŠNO – Monday is on the beginning of the week.
ISPRAVNO – Monday is at the beginning of the week.
Ako ima veze s vremenom, onda koristimo “at”. “At the beginning of the week, at the beginning of the year, at 4.30pm, at the moment, itd”.
Na primjer: I said “hello” at the beginning of the lesson.
We'll go to Belgrade at the end of the week.
I had lunch at 1 o'clock.
I don't want anything to eat at the moment.
“Pričam sa sestrom mog prijatelja.”
POGREŠNO – I'm speaking to the sister of my friend.
ISPRAVNO – I'm speaking to my friend's sister.
Skratite. Nemojte dodavati riječi gdje ne treba. Bolje je koristiti prisvojni pridjev kad je nešto nečije. “The friend of my dad” postaje “My dad's friend”.
Na primjer: She is my daughter's friend.
That is my brother's computer.
Last week, I met my mother's cousin.
PAST TENSE
“Da li si išao u školu prošle nedjelje ”
POGREŠNO – Did you went to school last week?
ISPRAVNO – Did you go to school last week?
U upitnim rečenicama u prošlom vremenu, počinjemo sa “DID”, ali glagol ostaje u sadašnjem obliku. Tek u pozitivnom odgovoru ćemo ga promijeniti u prošlo vrijeme. U negativnom odgovoru glagol opet ostaje u sadašnjem obliku.
Najsmješniji način da ovo zapamtite je “Dođe Did-o, ode Ed-o. Dođe Ed-o, ode Did-o” Gde ima “Did” u rečenici, onda nema “-ed” kao nastavak glagola. Ili je jedno ili drugo, ali ne mogu biti oba.
Na primjer: Did you live in Boston when you were a child?
-Yes, I lived in Boston when I was a child. (nema ‘did’ u rečenici u pozitivnom odgovoru, pa mijenjamo glagol da bude u prošlom vremenu)
-No, I didn't live in Boston when I was a child.
PRESENT PERFECT
“Ja sam u braku 15 godina.”
POGREŠNO – I am married 15 years.
ISPRAVNO – I have been married for 15 years.
Ako govorite o tome koliko nešto traje, a još uvijek je u toku morate koristi present perfect. HAVE/HAS + past participle (treća kolona glagola). “I am married” možete reći kad želite samo iznijeti tu činjenicu, ali čim naglašavate koliko dugo, treba da prebacite u ovaj oblik.
Na primjer: I have lived in Belgrade for 8 years. (još uvijek sam tu)
He has worked at this company for 10 years. (još uvijek je tu)
I have been in this room for 20 minutes. (još uvijek sam tu)
ON DAY / A DAY
“Jedem tri puta dnevno.”
POGREŠNO – I eat three times on day.
ISPRAVNO – I eat three times a day.
Kad moramo reći koliko često nešto radimo na engleskom, zaboravite srpski. Znači nemojte reći “once on day, twice on week, three times on year”. Zamenite “on” s “a”.
Na primjer: I come to school twice a week.
We eat out once a month.
IN MONDAY / ON MONDAY
“Ljekarski pregled mi je u ponedjeljak.”
POGREŠNO– My doctor's appointment is in Monday.
ISPRAVNO – My doctor's appointment is on Monday.
Zapamtite da kada govorimo o danima u nedjelji, praznicima i datumima, koristimo predlog “on” a ne “in”.
Na primjer: We opened our presents on Christmas Day.
My lessons are on Tuesday and Thursday.
The new semester starts on the 2nd of October.
Što prije shvatite da engleski ne možete učiti riječ po riječ, nego po frazama i grupama riječi koje idu zajedno, to ćete brže savladati govor.
Noizz
